Far?right protest mobilisation in Europe: Grievances, opportunities and resources

What explains far-right mobilisation in the protest arena? After decades of growing electoral support and policy influence, far right is experiencing an increase grassroots mobilisation. Scholars social movements political parties have devoted little attention to determinants Europe. In this article, we bridge previous research on advance hypotheses drivers based grievances, opportunities resource models. We use original dataset combining novel data 4,845 events 11 East West European countries (2008–2018), with existing measures accounting for (political, economic cultural) context find that classical approaches collective action can be fruitfully applied study right. Cultural notably concerns about immigration, as well availability institutional access points contexts characterised by divided government But also rests organisational resources available nativist actors, is, network which they are embedded, their visibility media elected officials. These findings important implications understand success advanced democracies. They show arena not only favourable circumstances, but whether actors profit from them. More broadly, links party politics movement grasp right's modes contestation, locating phenomenon at intersection sociology comparative politics.